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Industry Growth & Government Funding
The industry will grow 10% in 2022 to over $600 billion (USD) globally. Of the 29 fabs starting construction in 2021 and 2022 China and Taiwan will lead the way in the new fab construction starting with eight each, followed by the Americas with six, Europe and the Middle East with three, and Japan and Korea with two each. This is a breakdown of some of the spending and growth expected by region:
US: The US currently accounts for 12% of global chip manufacturing, down from 37% in 1990. To regain chip manufacturing capacity, the US government has passed and funded The CHIPS and Science Act which unlocks nearly $250 billion in funding and tax incentives for the US semiconductor sector. Federal funding combined with state and local incentives has been successful in securing investment from top global manufacturers to build new fabs and expand capacity in the US. Just to list a few investments: Intel, TSMC, Samsung, Micron, and Texas Instruments have announced a combined $650 billion in planned spending.
EU: The EU Chips Act will provide 43 billion euros ($49 billion USD) of investment into the semiconductor industry with many tax incentives. Specifically, the EU wants to boost its market share of chip production to 20% by 2030, from the 9% that it currently holds. Intel alone has announced the first phase of a plan to spend up to €80 billion in manufacturing and research facilities in Germany, Ireland, Italy, Poland, Spain, and France.
ASIA: In the next decade, the South Korean government will work in collaboration with local companies to invest $450 billion (USD) into the establishment of the world's largest semiconductor industry supply chain. Japan plans to attract more advanced technology investment from abroad. Japan has also set up a fund of almost $1.5 billion USD and plans to substantially expand support policies. The second phase of the China National Fund was also approved in 2018, which means $30 billion (USD) from the second phase of this fund will be invested in the semiconductor industry over the next few years. Companies in Taiwan plan to invest over $107 billion (USD) in semiconductors by 2025. Last but not least the newest player in the industry, India, is planning to invest $30 billion (USD) in the tech sector/semiconductor supply chain as Silicon Nationalism becomes the new global trend.
Top Challenges
Labor and Talent: Labor and talent shortages worldwide will be a bigger problem than expected. In the US alone there are 90,000 semiconductor jobs that need to be filled by 2025. Today wages and inflation are affecting the ongoing talent war as companies struggle to fill positions as compensation has not risen materially to compete with other industries and the cost of living especially in cities like Austin and Phoenix continues to go up. The US government is working hard to fund & develop the National Semiconductor Technology Center which will provide funding to educational institutions that will help build up & educate the future semiconductor industry workforce.
Chip Shortages: Chip shortages will continue into 2024, according to Intel CEO Pat Gelsinger. Efforts started in 2021 to expand capacity for legacy nodes – namely, a 10-15% increase in 200mm and 300mm wafer capacity – will not yield results until 2023. Investment in leading-edge fabs in Arizona, Texas, and Ohio will take 3-4 years to build and cost $20bn each. In short, expanding capacity and building new fabs is a long process so we should continue to expect to see supply shortages in the interim.
OEM Supply Chain Disruptions: Original Equipment Manufacturers in the semiconductor industry have experienced the worst supply chain shortages in history. Supply chain issues are causing delays for almost all new equipment currently on order. One solution that many OEMs are implementing is to bring home domestically a lot of the component manufacturing. By reducing the long international shipping times and having more of the components made in the US, they can greatly reduce long supply chain lead times. The other solution is to qualify more domestic suppliers and reduce the qualifications and lead times needed to become a certified supplier to OEMs.
Top Opportunities Government Investment - The influx in investment from governments across the world to bolster their domestic semiconductor ecosystems will likely attract additional private capital investment in the industry and create fruitful partnerships between governments, the private sector, and academic/research institutions. Global Alliances - While the trend of Silicon Nationalism has fueled a chips arms race of sorts, it has also reminded the industry that global interdependence is required to support the industry. New Technologies and Innovation - The innovation of new technology will continue to drive the industry. New technologies such as the Internet of Things, will have incredible growth in the future with over a trillion devices by 2035. These devices will have continuous developments in software, and the hardware will be made on new FPGA technology so that new software uploads can update old hardware functionality allowing IoT devices to evolve as new technologies are created.
While competitors typically take an average of one month (and some up to 6) to pay a seller for a tool, this refurbisher received payment 1 day after the contract was signed through Moov’s global marketplace.
A large US refurbisher had entered into a deal with an end user for a top of market tool. However, when the end user was acquired, the deal fell through leaving the refurbisher with a costly asset on their books. When the refurbisher finally turned to Moov, they had already been paying storage fees for this unused asset for 9 months. The refurbisher had tried utilizing numerous brokers to offload the tool to no avail, due in part to the specific requirements of their original buyer. The refurbisher needed this asset off of their books in the new year – so they turned to Moov’s global marketplace for used semiconductor manufacturing equipment in hopes of finding a buyer.
After months of searching for buyers, the refurbisher was able to quickly secure an international buyer through Moov’s global marketplace. The entire process from contract through arrival, uncrating, and installation took a mere 35 days. Whatsmore, the refurbisher received payment one day after contract signing thanks to Moov’s buyer verification and payment support.
Moov worked with this end user to rapidly recapitalize 11 underutilized assets in order to secure production line budget for a critical tool they needed.
A production line team at a US manufacturer needed an ICP downstream asher but only had partial funding to acquire this system. Knowing Moov’s marketplace offers the largest selection of pre-owned tools from reliable suppliers, they turned to Moov to explore their options.
After consulting with Moov’s team of experts with over $1bn in experience helping manufacturers recoup capital on idle and underutilized assets, this manufacturer identified several idle systems they could sell through Moov’s global marketplace. The manufacturer was able to rapidly sell 11 tools in order to gain the capital they needed to acquire a YES Ecoclean system.
Moov was able to work with this manufacturer to ensure that capital from the sales of their used assets went back to a specific fabrication center and production line budget — ensuring this production line team had the funding they needed to acquire their plasma resist strip/descum system.
The end-to-end process of procuring a replacement tool, deinstallation, crating, air freight, rigging and installation would typically take 6 months. Through Moov, the entire process only took 4 weeks, enabling this fabrication center to minimize revenue loss when a critical machine went down.
A high volume wafer fabrication center in the western US was already in the market for a new ion implanter. When a second tool went down, their situation shifted from “opportunistic” to “critical.” Their senior facilities manager reached out to Moov to learn how they could expedite procuring a VIISion 200 replacement through Moov’s global marketplace.
Moov’s experienced managed service team quickly identified a tool from an international supplier that matched this fabrication center’s exact requirements. Thanks to Moov’s ecosystem of aftermarket service providers, Moov was able to provide an end-to-end solution for not only procuring the tool but also deinstallation, crating, air freight, rigging and installation. This process would typically take up to 6 months, but Moov was able to provide a 4-week solution to help this fabrication center get back up and running.
Knowing this fabrication center needed to avoid any further delays, Moov proactively sourced the exact model of pump the fab needed, at a discount, from a refurbisher partner, to ensure the client was able to get their new implanter up and running smoothly.
Since the process of procuring and delivering this replacement system moved so fast, it took longer for payment to process than it did to ship and install the tool itself. Thanks to Moov’s flexible payment options, the team was able to accommodate expedited delivery while still ensuring the seller was paid in a timely fashion.
In 2022, the semiconductor industry faced challenges including slowing sales growth and tensions in the global supply chain. However, the industry also saw record levels of investment in research and development by U.S. companies and the passage of the CHIPS Act, which provides incentives for domestic chip manufacturing, bringing total business Private Investments for U.S. Semiconductor Production to over 200 billion dollars. The US CHIPS Act has already prompted new commitments to construct manufacturing facilities in the US, and it is expected to create jobs and drive economic investment. The Act provides $52 billion in funding for a range of technologies, including large-scale fabrication facilities and projects for current-generation chips, new and specialty technologies, and manufacturing equipment and material suppliers. It also includes a 25% advanced manufacturing investment tax credit. In addition to manufacturing incentives, the CHIPS Act also focuses on research and development, with $13 billion in funding to foster collaboration between government, industry, academia, and other stakeholders and to develop the pipeline of scientists and engineers necessary to fuel future innovation in the semiconductor industry. The Act establishes several programs to support R&D, including the National Semiconductor Technology Center, the National Advanced Packaging Manufacturing Program, Manufacturing USA Institutes, and the CHIPS Defense Fund. Other countries that have implemented their own chips acts include Europe, Taiwan, China, South Korea, and Japan, with hundreds of billions of dollars added to the global investment in semiconductor manufacturing and research. Despite these efforts, significant challenges remain for the semiconductor industry, including developing a skilled workforce, maintaining leadership in chip design, and maintaining access to global markets and supply chains. To overcome these challenges, it is essential for the industry to maintain a strong partnership with local governments and other key players, to ensure that the industry is able to meet the increasing demand for semiconductors.